A pair of alkaline-glazed stoneware tombstones, along with fragments of others, were found in the late 1980s by archaeologist Carl Steen at the periphery of a church graveyard near the border of Edgefield and Aiken counties in South Carolina. Both tombstones feature carefully inlaid kaolin clay letters that recognized the deceased as well as the maker of the tombstones, “F. E. Justice” (Figures 1 and 2). Focusing on these objects, two face vessels found in museum collections, examples of incised utilitarian pottery, and the documentary record, a deeply interwoven community of African American potters who worked and lived in the Edgefield District of South Carolina during the nineteenth century has begun to emerge.
 Figure 1 |
![Fig. 2: Alkaline-glazed tombstone of Mrs. Harriet Hazzard by Fortune Justice, ca. 1868, Edgefield District, SC. Kaolin-inlayed inscription: “SACRED / TO THE / MEMORY / OF MRS. HARRIET / HASZARD / WIFE OFF / ROBERT / HASZARD / BORN 1838 / DIDE 1868 / BLESSED IS / THE DEAD / THAT DID[E] / IN THE / LORD / F.E. JUSTICE / MAKER.” South Carolina State Museum, Columbia, SC. Photograph courtesy the South Carolina State Museum.](https://www.mesdajournal.org/files/CToussaint_Fig_02_new.jpg) Figure 2 |
The maker of the alkaline-glazed stoneware tombstones, a Black potter named Fortune Justice, was born about 1856 in present-day Aiken County, South Carolina. In 1880, he was living with fellow potters near Shaws Creek where John W. Seigler owned a stoneware factory. Subsequently, Justice married at least once and had a large family.[1] In 1887, he witnessed the codicil of pottery owner Benjamin Franklin Landrum’s will. After Landrum’s death, Justice and another potter, Washington Miles, purchased multiple articles from Landrum’s estate.[2] Regrettably, Justice’s story was truncated when he died in 1898 at the age of forty-two.[3] Providentially, these historic records and surviving tombstones that identify Fortune Justice as a potter proved crucial in establishing the relationships between three generations of African American craftspeople who worked in the Edgefield District stoneware manufactories over the span of more than a century.
Documenting this community of enslaved and emancipated stoneware potters working in the Edgefield District has been a dynamic process spanning more than four decades.[4] To date, most research had focused on white pottery owners, as well as the famed and prolific stoneware potter named David Drake. Born about 1810, Drake has been well documented as a lifelong craftsman and poet who produced monumental wares often incised with names, dates, and rhyming couplets.[5]
Most often the identities of enslaved craftspeople, such as potters, have remained anonymous due to lack of documentation and omission from the historical record. This article addresses that reality and hopes to advance our knowledge and appreciation of South Carolina’s Black potters. Paramount to this goal is Appendix A, which provides specific information, including primary sources, identifying 200 African Americans, including men, women, and children documented as working in the Edgefield pottery industry and its allied trades during the nineteenth century and into the early twentieth century.[6] The text that follows provides some context for those 200 African American craftspeople working in Edgefield and highlights a handful of potters and their works—it is but a glimpse of a much larger and evolving story of community, commerce, and continuity.
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The production of alkaline-glazed stoneware was a leading industry throughout the nineteenth century in the Edgefield District of South Carolina, which encompasses portions of present-day Aiken, Edgefield, Greenwood, McCormick, and Saluda counties. The Landrum brothers (John, Abner, and Amos) began producing stoneware in the Edgefield District about 1815.[7] As their businesses, wealth, and family alliances expanded, stoneware production continued to be an important part of the local economy and community. The first Landrum family potteries in the Edgefield District included Pottersville, Reverend John Landrum’s pottery, and Amos Landrum’s pottery. These three stoneware manufactories gave rise to more than a dozen potteries throughout the course of the nineteenth century that operated through the labor of an ever-expanding network of enslaved, free, and emancipated African American craftspeople (see Appendix A).
Traditionally, the Edgefield District potteries can be categorized into four broad geographic areas as shown in Figure 3: Edgefield Court House, Shaws Creek, Horse Creek Valley, and Kirksey’s Crossroads. The map in Fig. 3 also marks the locations of each manufactory site. Just north of Edgefield Court House was Pottersville. At Shaws Creek: Amos Landrum’s pottery; Phoenix Stoneware Factory; Colin Rhodes’s pottery; and John W. Seigler’s pottery. In the Horse Creek Valley: Rev. John Landrum’s pottery; B. F. Landrum’s pottery; Lewis J. Miles’ potteries (Stony Bluff and Miles Mill); Joseph G. Baynham’s pottery; and William F. Hahn’s pottery. In the southern part of the district, near Bath: The Southern Porcelain Company and Thomas Davies’s Fire and Brickworks. Near or adjacent to Kirksey’s Crossroads: the Isaac Durham Pottery; Trapp-Chandler pottery; Thomas M. Chandler’s pottery; and Jesse P. Bodie’s pottery.
 Figure 3 |
The Pottersville Stoneware Manufactory (Figure 4) was located approximately two miles north of the Edgefield Court House. Surrounding the pottery was a small village that included a variety of tradesmen, a church and a school. In 1826, Robert Mills described Pottersville in the Statistics of South Carolina as follows:
There is a village of sixteen or seventeen houses, and as many families, within a mile and a half of Edgefield courthouse, called the Pottery, or Pottersville, but which should be called Landrumville, from its ingenious and scientific founder, Dr. Abner Landrum. This village is altogether supported by the manufacture of stoneware, carried on by this gentleman; and which, by his own discoveries is made much stronger, better, and cheaper than any European or American ware of the same kind. This manufacture of stoneware may be increased to almost any extent; in case of war, &c. its usefulness can hardly be estimated.[8]
![Fig. 4: Inset of Landrumsville or Pottersville on the map of Edgefield District from Robert Mills’s Atlas of South Carolina (surveyed by Thomas Anderson [1817]; engraved by Henry S. Tanner; published by Robert Mills, 1825, Philadelphia PA).](https://www.mesdajournal.org/files/CToussaint_Fig_04.jpg) Figure 4 |
Research suggests that the Landrums mostly relied on the labor of itinerant potters prior to 1820, although mentions of enslaved laborers are sprinkled throughout the documentary record.[9] As the Pottersville factory expanded and itinerant potters migrated westward into Georgia and Alabama in search of affordable farmland, the demand for enslaved labor increased.[10] An example of the early enslaved labor force at Pottersville is a young man named Dave and a woman named Eliza who were both mentioned as being owned by Harvey Drake in an 1818 mortgage agreement.11] This is likely the first documentary record that mentioned the potter we now know as David Drake.[12]
By 1830, Pottersville was owned by brothers Harvey and Reuben Drake. The Drakes, who purchased the Pottersville factory in 1828, were nephews of the Landrums.[13] The 1830 US Census denoted that the H&R Drake (stoneware manufactory) enslaved fifty individuals on its property. This suggests that the Drakes were running a large-scale, full-time business dependent on both owned and leased enslaved labor. Figure 5 illustrates an extant example of an alkaline-glazed storage jar produced at the Harvey and Reuben Drake stoneware manufactory. Harvey Drake died in 1832, and for the next decade the Pottersville Stoneware Manufactory consisted of a series of fractioned partnerships amongst mostly extended family members (for a detailed list of Pottersville ownership, see Appendix B). As the allied families began to buy and sell shares in the stoneware manufactory, associated timber acreage, and nearby clay beds; they also began to buy and sell enslaved craftspeople and laborers.[14] Within these deeds, leases, and business agreements, the names of enslaved craftspeople and labor force working at the pottery can be found.
 Figure 5 |
First, in Figure 6 note the turners named Daniel, Tart, George, and Abram mentioned in a business agreement between the Drake brothers in 1830.[15] Next, in Figure 7 note that the firm of “Drake & Gibbs,” the Pottersville partnership created immediately following Harvey Drake’s death in 1832, purchased a man named Dave from the estate in 1833.[16] Lastly, in Figure 8 a man named Brister, also a turner, about forty-five years old or born about 1790, was deeded to Drake & Gibbs in 1833 by the estate of Harvey Drake.
 Figure 6 |
 Figure 7 |
 Figure 8 |
A five-gallon, double handled, alkaline glazed jug that may have been turned and/or decorated by any of the aforementioned individuals (Abram, Brister, Daniel, Dave, George, and Tart) is illustrated in Figure 9. These men were part of a nucleus that defined the first generation of enslaved stoneware potters in Edgefield. Additionally, an example of the Pottersville investors leasing labor can be found in the 1839 business journal of Nathaniel Ramey & Company (Figure 10). In this entry Ramey leased a man named Harry for “a day’s work at $37.” While the journal does not specify that Harry was a turner, the following year Ramey deeded his interest in the stoneware manufactory to Dr. Jasper Gibbs. Among the enslaved workers included in the manufactory were three turners: Harry, Abram, and (a boy) named Daniel. (Figure 11).[17] A fifteen-gallon alkaline-glazed storage jar that is incised “Harry” is illustrated in Figure 12. This example, with its monumental size and incised signature akin to those made by David Drake, helped identify another enslaved potter who possibly worked in tandem, in a similar manner, and perhaps as a contemporary to Drake.[18]
 Figure 9 |
 Figure 10 |
 Figure 11 |
![Fig. 12: Alkaline-glazed stoneware storage jar, ca. 1840, Edgefield District, SC. Incised on outside of body under the lip: “Harry” and an illegible date [“July 38”?]. HOA: 22”, 15 gallons. Private collection.](https://www.mesdajournal.org/files/CToussaint_Fig_12.jpg) Figure 12 |
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In April 1840, Collin Rhodes and Robert W. Mathis began advertising the Phoenix Stoneware Factory in the Edgefield Advertiser, noting the location on Shaws Creek “twelve miles from the Edgefield Court House on the main road from Newberry, Union and the Upper Districts to Aiken.” With white potters Thomas M. Chandler and Isaac Durham at the helm, the manufactory began producing decorated, utilitarian stoneware. Interestingly, in the 1840 U.S. Census, between R.W. Matthews [Mathis] and Thomas M. Chandler, was a household enumerated as “Matthews & Rhodes” that consisted of seven enslaved individuals, two of whom were working in “manufacture and trade.” The Phoenix Stoneware Factory was a short-lived endeavor, supplanted by the Collin Rhodes Factory. Rhodes continued producing stoneware on Shaws Creek until he sold the property to John W. Seigler in 1853 (for an example of pottery under Seigler’s ownership (Figure 13).[19]
 Figure 13 |
Reverend John Landrum, the older brother of Abner and Amos Landrum, ran a stoneware manufactory located in the Horse Creek Valley concurrent to his brothers, Abner and Amos, at Pottersville.[20] Located at the mouth of Big Horse Creek, Reverend Landrum’s factory was located about ten miles southeast of the Edgefield courthouse. Landrum was also a farmer and a Baptist minister.[21] By 1840, his son, Benjamin Franklin Landrum, and son-in-law, Lewis J. Miles, were producing stoneware, or at least working in Reverend Landrum’s pottery in the Horse Creek Valley.
According to the census, six individuals in Miles’s household were engaged in manufacturing, most likely himself and five enslaved individuals; while John Landrum and Benjamin Franklin Landrum (sometimes identified simply as “Franklin Landrum”) each had two individuals engaged in manufacturing in their respective households, most likely themselves and two enslaved individuals.[22] And, while primary documentary evidence identifying the possible seven enslaved individuals working at the Landrum pottery is scarce, we do know that the phrase “Dave belongs to Mr. Miles” was incised on a storage jar dated 31st July 1840 (Figures 14 and 15). This implied that David Drake had relocated to the Horse Creek Valley under the ownership of Lewis J. Miles. Reverend John Landrum died in late 1846, and when his large estate was probated in 1847 a number of enslaved individuals were sold, some of whom were stoneware potters. The listing for “a man named Dave” recorded the stoneware potter now known as David Drake. Presumably, “a man named Phil” was Philip Miles who was a stoneware potter after emancipation in the Horse Creek Valley area. Collin Rhodes also purchased a man named George, possibly for his pottery located on Shaws Creek.[23] Throughout the 1850s and 1860s, the Landrums, Miles, and associated family operated potteries on both Horse Creek and Shaws Creek as illustrated on the Isaac Boles Map of Edgefield County (Figure 16).
 Figure 14 |
 Figure 15 |
 Figure 16 |
In the late 1850s, indications of David Drake’s mentorship, and possibly kinship, began appearing on stoneware vessels. Two, alkaline glazed, four-handle storage jars, both dated 13 May 1859, are signed “Dave & Baddler” (one is illustrated in Figure 17). The identity of “Baddler” and David Drake’s relationship to him (or her) is unknown. Made during that same year is a storage jar in the collection of the National Museum of American History dated 10 March 1859 and incised “Mark and Dave” (not illustrated).[24] Research suggests that “Mark” was likely Mark Jones, the stoneware potter living with David Drake in 1870.[25] Archaeology lends additional information, with a jug sherd incised “Dave & Abram” and impressed with the “L. MILES” stamp, which denotes it was made at the Stony Bluff pottery owned by Lewis J. Miles (Figure 18).[26] Likewise, the bottom of a vessel, incised “Jones” (Figure 19) adds strength to Mark Jones’s proximity to other stoneware turners and his tenure at Miles’s pottery.
 Figure 17 |
 Figure 18 |
 Figure 19 |
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After the Civil War and the founding of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865, many newly emancipated potters and pottery laborers entered into labor contracts with manufactory owners. In 1866, Lewis J. Miles entered into an agreement that allowed Willis Harrison, Pharaoh Jones, and Mark Miles to use the mill and pottery at Stony Bluff (Figure 20).[27] Similarly, Benjamin Franklin Landrum entered into Freedmen’s Bureau contract that identified male and female turners (Simon, Dave, Sam, Selia, Kittie, and Ann) as well as children (Wash, Jack, and Adam) (Figure 21). The last sentence in the agreement specified: “I, Simon, on my part agree to turn what is known as ‘the long day’s work,’ a boy being furnished to assist me.”[28]
 Figure 20 |
 Figure 21 |
Benjamin Franklin Landrum’s pottery continued to manufacture stoneware until the turn of the twentieth century. Long-standing potters at the Landrum site include Millage Williams and Simon Kinard, both born about 1835 (Figure 22).[29] The African American potters at Miles Mill in 1870 appeared to be David Drake, Mark Jones, and Philip Miles. Drake has already been discussed, as has Mark Jones, the turner who signed a pot with Dave in 1859. Philip Miles was likely “a man Phil,” sold to Lewis J. Miles in 1847 (Figure 23).[30] Drake and Miles were first-generation Black potters in Edgefield and Jones was an apprenticed second-generation potter.
![Fig. 22: 1880 United States Census record showing both Millage Williams and Simon [Kinard] likely working at B. F. Landrum's pottery.](https://www.mesdajournal.org/files/CToussaint_Fig_22.jpg) Figure 22 |
 Figure 23 |
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Historical documents about African Americans in Reconstruction Era South Carolina are limited, and photographs are even more scarce. Rare survivals include a stereoview taken in 1874 by Aiken photographer James A. Palmer titled “Whitaker Family” (Figure 24). The image provides a look into daily life during the period, a glimpse of “the long day’s work” as stipulated in Benjamin Franklin Landrum’s 1865 Freedmen’s Bureau contract. Daniel Whitaker and his family lived in Shaw Township, within a three- to five-mile radius of the aforementioned potteries. Another James A. Palmer stereoview provides an even rarer scene: African American laborers working an Aiken County kaolin clay bed, unearthing the raw material required to produce the Edgefield District’s famed stoneware (Figure 25).
![Fig. 24: “Whitaker Family” by J. A. Palmer, 1874, Aiken, SC. Stereoview; HOA: 3-2/3”, WOA: 6-1/3”. Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LOT 14105, no. 5 [P&P], Washington, DC.](https://www.mesdajournal.org/files/CToussaint_Fig_24.jpg) Figure 24 |
 Figure 25 |
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The church where the alkaline-glazed stoneware tombstones were recovered (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) was established in 1868 and organized in 1870 by freedmen living in the neighborhood. It is located within less than a five-mile radius of the potteries located along Horse Creek and Shaws Creek.[31] The Landrum family purportedly donated a parcel of land that may have, according to Landrum oral history, contained an old church building. Several acres of the church graveyard were purchased by African American potter and church deacon Oliver Miles in the early twentieth century.[32]
Since its inception, the church building has been burned down twice, leveled by a storm, and rebuilt three times. Today, the adjacent sandy graveyard is sprinkled with surviving headstones, although many have been broken or damaged by the elements as well as vandals. The surviving headstones represent a fraction of the likely burials in the cemetery. Historically, the markers used there were often simple wooden markers, molded concrete tombstones, or sometimes a collection of broken household goods or mementoes of the deceased. Stoneware tombstones such as those made by F. E. Justice seem to be uncommon.[33]
As Justice’s tombstones help to establish a larger community of African American potters who worked in the Edgefield District stoneware manufactories, two extant alkaline-glazed stoneware face vessels and a storage jar illustrate the intimate connections between freedmen and, prior to emancipation, enslaved craftspeople to form a family tree of Reconstruction Era African American potters in Edgefield. Of note, all three objects are incised with a name or phrase.
The inscription on a face vessel in the Chipstone collection (Figures 26 and 27) has been interpreted as “Squir Pofu” or “blind squire.”[34] Current research suggests that a more likely interpretation is “Squire Pope.” Supporting this is documentation of two men by the name Squire Pope who were related to or living near Edgefield stoneware potters in the second half of the nineteenth century. A man named Squire Pope, born 1865, the son of Wade Pope and Mary Jennings, was a lifelong resident of Aiken County.[35] Perhaps most notably, he married Allice Williams, the daughter of stoneware potter Millage Williams.[36] Concurrently, another man named Squire Pope, born circa 1855, the son of Queen Pope and Sylvia Jennings, was living within the vicinity of Washington Miles’s pottery on Shaws Creek.[37] Neither man named Squire Pope appears to have been a potter, but their familial and geographic ties to the stoneware potters near Shaws Creek and the Horse Creek Valley are significant (Figure 28).
 Figure 26 |
 Figure 27 |
 Figure 28 |
Relationships to Edgefield’s African American stoneware potters deepened when the sisters of the man named Squire Pope (born 1865) who married Allice Williams also married into the families of Edgefield stoneware potters. From their parents a Reconstruction era family tree of Edgefield potters can be drawn (Figure 29). One of Squire’s sisters, Harriet, married stoneware potter Washington Miles, who was born about 1852 and may have been one of the children mentioned in Benjamin Franklin Landrum’s Freedmen’s Bureau agreement in 1866.[38] It is important to note the Williams and Kinard were both long standing potters at Landrum’s pottery. Further research of Washington, or “Wash,” Miles found that he was recorded as running a stoneware manufactory along with six employees (three male and three female) no later than 1879.[39] Miles noted that he had invested $2,500 in raw materials and produced $4,200 saleable product. This the only record of an African American running a pottery in the Edgefield District during Reconstruction found to date.[40] With the Pope families’ relationships to documented Edgefield stoneware potters established, the incised face vessel illustrated in Fig. 26 can be considered a tangible example of establishing kinship through material culture.
 Figure 29 |
Likewise, a face vessel in the collection of the National Museum of American History (Figures 30 and 31) offers additional compelling evidence of Fortune Justice’s work, possibly at the Washington Miles Pottery. The vessel is incised “Joe Ranford,” a name shared by a young man found in 1880 living less than ten households away from Wash Miles, Brister Jones, and Fortune Justice (Figure 32). A decade earlier, in 1870, Ranford was living with his family adjacent to the Miles Mill Pottery.[41] An earnest comparison of the font used on the tombstones created by Fortune Justice to the Ranford face jug is persuasive that the same hand created both (Figures 33 and 34) While kaolin clay was not inlaid to form each letter on the face vessel (a difficult task to complete on a concave ceramic body) the execution of serif-style font letters “E,” “R,” “A,” “F,” and “N” are nearly identical to those found on the tombstones.
 Figure 30 |
 Figure 31 |
 Figure 32 |
 Figure 33 |
 Figure 34 |
A third extant example of Edgefield stoneware providing further familial and commercial evidence binding these craftspeople together is a twelve-inch-high storage jar (Figure 35) incised “Brister Jones the maker Sept the 6 1880 It will hold inny thing that you can get in it” is also impressed with the stamp of G.P. Seigler, Trenton, SC. In 1870, Brister Jones (b. 1859) was living in the same household as David Drake and Mark Jones, both known stoneware potters. It is unclear whether Drake’s tie to the Joneses was consanguineal, affinal, or fictive. In 1880, Brister Jones was identified as the son of Mark Jones and Caroline Miles, living in Shaw Township. Jones was also found enumerated a second (and very serendipitous for our purposes) time living in the household of Wash Miles with Fortune Justice and living only five households away from John W. Seigler (Figure 36).[42] Jones, a talented stoneware potter, removed to Chattanooga, Tennessee in the mid-1880s with his brother, David Jones; likely looking for work and, sadly, died at the age of twenty-eight.[43] Jones association with the potters at the Washington Miles Pottery, as well as Mark Jones and David Drake, establishes three generations of African American stoneware potters in the Edgefield District (Figure 37).
 Figure 35 |
 Figure 36 |
 Figure 37 |
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The hand that decorated the tombstones and face vessels along with documentation establishing both kinship and community among Jones, Justice, Miles, Pope, and Ranford combine to provide ample evidence for identifying at least three potters responsible for manufacturing face vessels in South Carolina during the nineteenth century: Brister Jones, Fortune Justice, and Washington Miles.
Jones, Justice and Miles were third-generation potters and recipients of a nearly hundred-year pottery tradition in Edgefield that began with Edgefield’s first-generation of Black potters such as David Drake and Philip Miles and continued through mid-century with the work of Mark Jones and Millage Williams. This tradition is only hinted at by the surviving signed work of David Drake and Fortune Justice.
As seen in Appendix A, hundreds of African American men, women, and children labored in Edgefield’s stoneware manufactories throughout the nineteenth century. It is well past time that their names were known.
Corbett Toussaint is an independent scholar, researcher, and collector in Columbia, South Carolina. She can be contacted at [email protected].
APPENDIX A: Edgefield District African American Potters and Associated Laborers (1790–1900)
|
Last Name |
First Name |
Year(s)* |
Location/Ownership** |
Occupation |
Bibliography |
|
BLOCKER |
Alfred |
c. 1873 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Wagoner |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County (1869), pg. 196 (penned), Alfred & Allen Blocker (note Alfred was identified as white); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. “Local Items.” Edgefield Advertiser, October 30, 1873; digital images available at Chronicling America (chroniclingamerica.loc.gov; accessed 1 July 2020). See also, LANDRUM, Alfred: 1870 US Census. |
|
BODIE |
Thomas |
1867 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Labor Contracts L-Y (1867), image 548/600, and Labor Contracts A-Y (1868), image 346/359; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
BODIE |
Mary |
1867 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Labor Contracts L-Y (1867), image 548/600; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
BONHAM |
Daniel |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 911/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
BONHAM |
Dennis |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
BONHAM |
Warren |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
BONHAM |
Bettie |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
BONHAM |
Fanny |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
BONHAM |
Polly |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
BUTLER |
Pickens |
b. 1849 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Cutting Wood |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County (1869), pg. 19 (penned), Pickens Butler; digital images; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 14 (penned); digital images; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, Shaws Twp., ED 61, pg. 377 (stamped); digital images; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. |
|
BUTLER |
Henry |
b. 1860 |
Shaws Creek |
Wagon Driver |
1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 16 (penned); ; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. |
|
CHANDLER |
John |
b.c. 1833 – |
Thos. Chandler Pottery |
Potter |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book GGG, p. 383, Edgefield County Archives; Thomas M. Chandler deeds a man named “John” to his wife and children; John Chandler and M. J. Durham (Chandler’s nephew) both remove to Guadalupe County, Texas and work at the Wilson-Durham-Chandler pottery (41GU4). Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, probate case files, Thomas M. Chandler, 1854; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing “North Carolina Estate Files, 1663-1979,” database with images; citing FHL microfilm 1,987,710. Guadalupe County, Texas, marriage license no. 632, John Chandler and Anna Grimage, wit. Hiram Wilson (1868); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 30 May 2020) citing “Texas, Select County Marriage Records, 1837-2015,” database with images; citing FHL microfilm 4,820,358. 1870 US census, Guadalupe County, Texas, Precinct 1, pg. 27 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Guadalupe County, Texas, ED 75, John & Anna Channles [Chandler], pg. 62 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. 1900 US census, Guadalupe County, Texas, ED 63, pg. 162A (stamped), sheet 12A (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1910 US census, Guadalupe County, Texas, ED 53, sheet 18B (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T624. US census, Guadalupe County, Texas, ED 137, sheet 3A (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T625. Guadalupe County, Texas, death certificate no. 22514, John Chandler (1921); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing Texas State Registrar, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,074,233. See also UNKNOWN, John. |
|
DAVIS |
Shep |
b. 1849 |
J.P. Bodie Pottery |
Works in Potry [sic] |
1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Grays Twp., pg. 5 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M 593. 1880 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Grays Twp., ED 51, pg. 7 (penned), 157 (stamped), consider Shep Glover as possibly Shep Davis; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. South Carolina Dept. Military and Inspector General, 1869 Militia Enrollments; digital images citing SCDAH Series S192021. |
|
DAY |
Mariah |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
DICKSON |
Carey |
b. 1837 |
Seigler Pottery |
Farmer |
South Carolina Secretary of State, Abstract of Voter Registrations Reported to the Military Government, 1868, Edgefield County, Seventh Regiment, Pine House Precinct, pg. 102 (penned); digital images, South Carolina Digital Library (scmemory.org; accessed 3 June 2020). 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 31 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020). 1900 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, Shaws Twp., p. 2A (penned), ED 33; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing FHL microfilm no. 1241515. 1920 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, pop. sch., Shaw Twp., p. 14B (penned), ED 21; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing National Archives microfilm publication T625, roll 1682. 1930 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, pop. sch., Shaw Twp., p. 15B (penned), ED 27; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing FHL microfilm 2341919. Aiken County, South Carolina, death certificate nos. 13552 (1934), Carey Dixson; South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC), Columbia; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com. Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), multiple. Bragg, Laura M. “Laura M. Bragg Papers.” Charleston Museum Transcripts, South Carolina; Carey Posey and Carey Dickson. |
|
DRAKE |
David |
b. 1800 |
Pottersville |
Tarner [sic] |
“Old Pottersville and Dr. Landrum.” Edgefield Advertiser, 11 May 1859; digital images available with subscription at newspapers.com (accessed 1 June 2020). “Buttermilk.” Edgefield Advertiser, 1 April 1863; digital images available with subscription at newspapers.com (accessed 1 June 2020). South Carolina Secretary of State, Abstract of Voter Registrations Reported to the Military Government, 1868, Edgefield County, Seventh Regiment, Edgefield Court House Precinct, pg. 30 (penned); digital images, South Carolina Digital Library (scmemory.org; accessed 3 June 2020). South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 226 (penned), Dave Drake; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 19; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. “Local Items.” Edgefield Advertiser, October 30, 1873; digital images available at Chronicling America (chroniclingamerica.loc.gov; accessed 1 July 2020). Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), multiple. Goldberg, Arthur F., and James Witkowski. “Beneath His Magic Touch: The Dated Vessels of the African American Slave Potter Dave” in Ceramics in America, 2006, edited by Robert Hunter (Milwaukee, WI: Chipstone, 2006), 58–92. Todd, Leonard. Carolina Clay: The Life and Legend of the Slave Potter Dave (New York: W.W. Norton, 2009). See also UNKNOWN, Dave |
|
DUNCAN |
Levi |
b. 1824 |
J.P. Bodie Pottery |
Turner |
South Carolina Dept. Military and Inspector General, 1869 Militia Enrollments, Edgefield County, vol. 11, pg. 6; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH Series S192021. |
|
DUNCAN |
J. William |
b. 1828 |
J.P. Bodie Pottery |
Turner |
South Carolina Dept. Military and Inspector General, 1869 Militia Enrollments, Edgefield County, vol. 11, pg. 6; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH Series S192021. |
|
DURRANT |
Charles |
b. 1829 |
J.P. Bodie Pottery |
Turner |
South Carolina Dept. Military and Inspector General, 1869 Militia Enrollments, Edgefield County, vol. 11, pg. 6; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH Series S192021. |
|
GEARTY |
William |
b. 1810 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Turner |
1870 US Census, South Carolina, Edgefield, Shaws Creek Twp, pg. 20 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020). Living with Phillip MILES, Thomas JONES and Alfred LANDRUM. |
|
GRIFFIN |
Eliza |
1867 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles] and Eliza Griffin, Silvy Miles, Henrietta Wever, Dave Scott, Burrell Livingston, Thomas Bodie, Mary Bodie, Martha Mays, 14 June 1867; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Labor Contracts L-Y (1867), image 548/600; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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GUNARD |
Simon |
b. 1834 |
Stony Bluff Pottery |
Judge Turners [sic] |
1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 16 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing FHL microfilm 1255218; living near Squire Pope, B.F. Landrum, and Jos Baynham. Wayne County, Michigan, death certificate Amanda [Kinard] Jackson (1926); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing “Michigan Death Certificates 1921-1952” database and FHL microfilm 1,972,976. Amanda Jackson, born 12 Oct 1885 in [Aiken] County, South Carolina. Parents: Simon Kinard and Sophia Pope. New York, New York, death certificate no. 5506 Mary Jane [Kinard] Marshall (1937); ; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing “New York, New York City Municipal Deaths, 1795-1949” database. Parents: Simon Kinard and Sophia Pope. |
|
HARRISON |
Willis |
b. 1838 |
Stony Bluff Pottery |
Farmer |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 225 (penned), Willis Harrison; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 18 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020)citing NARA microfilm publication M593. Todd, Leonard. Carolina Clay: The Life and Legend of the Slave Potter Dave (New York: W.W. Norton, 2009), pages 144 & 171. |
|
HAZZARD |
Robert |
b. 1835 |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 224 (penned), Robert Hazzard, over 21 yo, living with one female over 16 yo, one female under 6 yo, and three males between 6 yo and 16 yo; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 33 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA microfilm publication M593. Note: Robert Haszard mentioned on the tombstone illustrated in Fig. 2. |
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|
JONES |
Pharaoh |
b. 1805 |
Stony Bluff Pottery |
Field hand |
1880 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, ED 55, pg. 16D (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA microfilm publication T9. Todd, Leonard. Carolina Clay: The Life and Legend of the Slave Potter Dave (New York: W.W. Norton, 2009), pg. 144. |
|
JONES |
Mark |
b. 1839 |
Seigler Pottery |
Turner |
South Carolina Secretary of State, Abstract of Voter Registrations Reported to the Military Government, 1868, Edgefield County, Seventh Regiment, Pine House Precinct, pg. 102 (penned); digital images, South Carolina Digital Library (scmemory.org; accessed 3 June 2020). 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 19 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Aiken County, ED 17, pg. 19 (penned)citing NARA publication T9. Aiken County, Register of Menses Conveyances, Abstracts of agricultural liens books (1883-1909), vol. 1 & 2, multiple, series L02015, South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Columbia, SC. 1910 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 7, pg. 11A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA microfilm publication T624. Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), multiple. Bragg, Laura M. “Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. Moss Miles: Is Moss Miles actually Mark Miles/Mark Jones? Todd, Leonard. Carolina Clay: The Life and Legend of the Slave Potter Dave (New York: W.W. Norton, 2009), pages 162, 171, 200 & 211. |
|
JONES |
Caroline |
b. 1840 |
1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 19 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA microfilm publication M593. See JONES, Mark. |
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|
JONES |
Pharo |
b. 1845 |
Stony Bluff Pottery |
Laborer |
1880 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, ED 47, pg. 22 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA microfilm publication T9. Todd, Leonard. Carolina Clay: The Life and Legend of the Slave Potter Dave (New York: W.W. Norton, 2009), pg. 144. |
|
JONES |
Thomas |
b. 1852 |
Stony Bluff Pottery |
In jug factory |
South Carolina Secretary of State, Abstract of Voter Registrations Reported to the Military Government, 1868, Edgefield County, Seventh Regiment, Pine House Precinct, pg. 102 (penned); digital images, South Carolina Digital Library (scmemory.org; accessed 3 June 2020). 1870 US Census, South Carolina, Edgefield, Shaws Creek Twp, pg. 20 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020). Living with Phillip MILES, William GEARTY and Alfred LANDRUM. Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), multiple. |
|
JONES |
Brister |
b. 1859 |
Seigler Pottery Pottery |
Laborer |
1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 19 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Aiken County, ED 17, pg. 19 (penned), Brister Jones living in the household of Mark Jones; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA publication T9. 1880 US census, Aiken County, ED 17, pg. 14 (penned), Briscoe Jones living in the household of Wash Miles; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA publication T9. Hamilton County, Tennessee, death register Brister Jones (1889); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing Tennessee, City Death Records, 1872-1923, online database with images; Tennessee State Archives, Nashville. Todd, Leonard. Carolina Clay: The Life and Legend of the Slave Potter Dave (New York: W.W. Norton, 2009), pages 162 & 211; two storage jars incised by Brister Jones and stamped “G.P. Seigler/Trenton/SC” remain in a private collection. |
|
JONES |
Ned |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 226 (penned), Ned Jones; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. |
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|
JUSTICE |
Fortune |
b. 1856 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Laborer |
1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 14, Fortune Jelters [Justice] in household with Wash Miles and Brister Jones; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing FHL microfilm 1,255,218. Aiken County, South Carolina, death certificates nos. 87, file 14344, Frank Justice (1920); no. C11346, Silvester Justice (1962); no. C01343, Ethel Permenter (1965); note multiple burials at Ashley Grove Baptist Church, Aiken, South Carolina; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and SCDAH, Columbia; FHL microfilm 1,913,590. Aiken County, South Carolina, application for a delayed certificate of birth no. 23-648 (1942), Martin Luther Justice; South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Columbia; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing Family History Library microfilm 1,416,926, roll 28. Social Security Administration, “U.S. Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007,” database; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com; entry for Israel Justice (1937), Sylvester Justice (1937), Wilhelmina Elenzenzer, Martin Justice. U.S. Works Progress Administration [WPA]. Aiken County, South Carolina, Inventory of South Carolina Churches, Springfield Baptist Church (Eureka, SC). Rebecca Orr, recorder. 10 October 1937. Columbia: South Caroliniana Library at the University of South Carolina. Aiken, South Carolina, Aiken County Probate files, papers and loose records, Box 52, Package 6, Benjamin F. Landrum, Sr.; Register of Mense Conveyances, Aiken; digital images, “South Carolina Probate Records, Files and Loose Papers, 1732-1964″; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) (path: Search > Records > Browse All > Published Collections > United States > South Carolina > South Carolina Probate Records, Files and Loose Papers, 1732-1964 > Aiken > Probate Court, Estate Records > 1872-1927 > Box 52, Packages 1-6 > Image 45). Smith, Howard A. Index of Southern Potters: an Alphabetical Index of 18th, 19th, and 20th Century Potters, Encompassing the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi. Madison, NC: Empire Pub., 2007; author stated that Lewis J. Miles owned Fortune Chestus [Justice]. |
|
JUSTICE |
Lucinda |
See JUSTICE, Fortune. |
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|
KINARD |
Wash |
b. 1860 |
W.F. Hahn Pottery |
Maker of Pottery |
1900 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 32, pg. 8A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA microfilm publication T623. |
|
KINARD |
Wash |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Wise Twp. (1869), pg. 222 (penned), Wash Kinard; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. |
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|
LANDRUM |
Alfred |
b. 1815 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Wagoner |
1870 US Census, South Carolina, Edgefield, Shaws Creek Twp; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) Living with William GEARTY, Thomas JONES and Phillip MILES. |
|
LANDRUM |
Eliza |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Miscellaneous, Benjamin Landrum, Fanny Landrum, Eliza Landrum [POC], Milledge Landrum [POC] and Nancy Polite [POC] regarding Landrum striking her with a buggy trace more than one hundred times, 13 Oct 1865; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Miscellaneous records, 1865-1868, image 107/292; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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LANDRUM |
Milledge |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 226 (penned), Milledge Landrum; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Miscellaneous, Benjamin Landrum, Fanny Landrum, Eliza Landrum [POC], Milledge Landrum [POC] and Nancy Polite [POC] regarding Landrum striking her with a buggy trace more than one hundred times, 13 Oct 1865; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Miscellaneous records, 1865-1868, image 107/292; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
LANHAM |
Lewis |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
LEE |
Ward |
b. 1845 |
Farm Laborer |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Wise Twp. (1869), pg. 219 (penned), Ward Tillman; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Butler Twp., pg. 50, Ward TILLMAN; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, ED 55, pg. 17 penned; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com citing NARA microfilm publication T9. Edgefield County, Register of Menses Conveyances, Abstracts of agricultural liens books (1878-1907), multiple; Ward Lee and Ben Tillman May/June 1882, Ward Lee at Lott’s Place Feb 1887, Ward Lee at Timmerman’s Place May 1899, series L19005, South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Columbia, SC. 1900 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 33, pg. 1B (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 30 Dec 2019) citing NARA microfilm publication T623. “Ward Lee’s Cotton Has Forms.” South Carolina State Newspaper, 2 June 1904. 1910 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 19, pg. 6A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 30 Dec 2019) citing NARA microfilm publication T624. Mooney, Claudia A., April L. Hynes, and Mark M. Newell. “African-American Face Vessels: History and Ritual in 19th Century Edgefield,” in Ceramics in America, 2006, edited by Robert Hunter (Milwaukee, WI: Chipstone, 2006), 2–37. |
|
|
LEE |
Jim |
J.P. Bodie Pottery |
Bragg, Laura M. “Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. Note: A figural vessel at Charleston Museum attributed to Jim LEE. Donation of Mrs. Michael Wimberly Watson of Ridge Springs, South Carolina during the early 20th century. Described as “to burlesque a minister, Reverend Pickett”. No composite documentation found to identify this individual. |
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|
LIVINGSTON |
Burrell |
1867 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Labor Contracts L-Y (1867), image 548/600; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
MAYS |
Martha |
1867 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Labor Contracts L-Y (1867), image 548/600; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
MILES |
Scott |
b. 1810 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Farmer |
Bragg, Laura M. ”Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. 1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 18 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. See also UNKNOWN, Scott. |
|
MILES |
Philip |
b. 1820 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Turner |
1870 US Census, South Carolina, Edgefield, Shaws Creek Twp, pg. 20 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US Census Mortality Schedules, South Carolina, Edgefield, Pickens Twp, microfilm roll 1, pg. 2; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. Also see UNKNOWN, Phil. |
|
MILES |
Edd |
b. 1845 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Cutting Wood |
1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 17 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. |
|
MILES |
Washington |
b. 1852 |
Seigler Pottery |
Farmer |
1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 14 (penned), Wash Miles with Harriet Pope Miles; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. 1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, non-pop. sch., industry, ED 17, pg. 1 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020). Aiken County, Register of Menses Conveyances, Abstracts of agricultural liens books (1883-1909), vol. 1 & 2, multiple, series L02015, South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Columbia, SC. 1900 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 33, pg. 11A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T623. Aiken County, South Carolina, death certificate no. 21103(1928), George [Wash] Miles, George Miles was the informant, not the decedent, see also the South Carolina Delayed Birth Record, no. 2-2140, George Miles (1879); South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC), Columbia; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020). Bragg, Laura M. ”Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), multiple. |
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MILES |
Oliver |
b. 1858 |
Seigler Pottery |
Farm Laborer |
1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 19, pg. 283D (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing FHL microfilm 1,255,218. Aiken County, Register of Menses Conveyances, Abstracts of agricultural liens books (1883-1909), vol. 1 & 2, multiple, series L02015, South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Columbia, SC. 1900 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 33, pg. 1B (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T623. 1910 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 19, pg. 7B (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T624. 1920 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 21, pg. 7B (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T625. Pennsylvania Department of Health, Bureau of Vital statistics, death certificate, file: 56091, no. 11807, Oliver Miles, father: John Miles, burial: Sunbrook [Sunnybrook], SC [probably Springfield Baptist Church where Miles was a deacon and once owned land that became part of the church graveyard] (1924); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020) citing Pennsylvania (State), Death certificates, 1906–1968. Series 11.90 (1,905 cartons). Records of the Pennsylvania Department of Health, Record Group 11. Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg, PA. Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), multiple. Bragg, Laura M. ”Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. Todd, Leonard. Carolina Clay: The Life and Legend of the Slave Potter Dave (New York: W.W. Norton, 2009), pages 131-132, 275. |
|
MILES |
Scott |
b. 1866 |
Farm Laborer |
1880 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, ED 59, pg. 2 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 7 March 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. Bragg, Laura M. ”Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. |
|
|
MILES |
Moss |
c. 1880 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Bragg, Laura M. ”Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. |
|
|
MILES |
Belford |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 226 (penned), Belford Miles; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. |
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MILES |
Harriet |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 226 (penned), Harriet Miles; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. See MILES, Wash |
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MILES |
Tom |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 226 (penned), Tom Miles; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. |
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MILES |
Millage |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 226 (penned), Millage Miles; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. |
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MILES |
Silvy |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles] and Eliza Griffin, Silvy Miles, Henrietta Wever, Dave Scott, Burrell Livingston, Thomas Bodie, Mary Bodie, Martha Mays, 14 June 1867; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Labor Contracts L-Y (1867), image 548/600; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
MILLER |
Lewis |
b. 1825 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Cutting Wood |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 226 (penned), Lewis Miller; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 17 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. |
|
PITTS |
Warner |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 941/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
PITTS |
Elijah |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 941/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
PITTS |
Henry |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 941/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
PITTS |
Martha |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 941/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
POLITE |
Nancy |
1865 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Miscellaneous, Benjamin Landrum, Fanny Landrum, Eliza Landrum [POC], Milledge Landrum [POC] and Nancy Polite [POC] regarding Landrum striking her with a buggy trace more than one hundred times, 13 Oct 1865; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Miscellaneous records, 1865-1868, image 107/292; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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POPE |
Cue |
b. 1830 |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County (1869), pg. 86 (penned), Cue Pope; digital images; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Saluda Twp., pg. 163 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 7 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. See POPE, Squire (b. 1852) |
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POPE |
Squire |
b. 1852 |
1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Saluda Division, pg. 63; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 16 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020). Note: While Pope may have not been a potter, but his name was inscribed on a face jug, and he lived near Millage WILLIAMS and B.F. LANDRUM in 1880. |
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POPE |
Squire |
b. 1864 |
1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Gregg Twp., pg. 73 (penned), Squire Pope and siblings living in dwelling no. 513 of Susan Perry; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 36, dwelling 267, Wade and Mary Pope; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 14 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. 1900 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 3, pg. 16A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T623. 1910 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 3, pg. 7A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T624. 1920 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 21, pg. 14A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T625. 1930 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 9, pg. 9A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T626. 1940 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 2-12, pg. 8A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T627. Aiken County, South Carolina, death certificate no. 018701 (1941), Squire Pope; South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC), Columbia; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020). Aiken County, South Carolina, death certificate no. 018179 (1941), Allice [Williams] Pope, daughter of Milledge Williams and Allice Brown; South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC), Columbia; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020). Note: While Pope May not have been a potter, his name was inscribed on a face jug, and he lived near Millage Williams and B.F. Landrum in 1880. |
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POPE |
Esquire |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County (1869), pg. 111 (penned), Esquire Pope; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. |
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|
RAINSFORD |
Andrew |
b. 1805 |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 226 (penned), Andrew Rainsford; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. 1870 US Census, South Carolina, Edgefield, Shaws Creek Twp, pg. 19 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. |
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RANFORD |
Lucy |
b. 1805 |
1870 US Census, South Carolina, Edgefield, Shaws Creek Twp, pg. 19 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 21 (penned, strikethrough 22); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020). |
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RANFORD |
Joe |
b. 1855 |
Seigler Pottery |
1870 US Census, South Carolina, Edgefield, Shaws Creek Twp, pg. 19 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US Census, South Carolina, Aiken, Shaws Twp, pg. 14 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020); living with Washington Miles and Fortune [Justice] Jelters on the Seigler Property in 1880; citing NARA microfilm publication T9. Note: This name is inscribed on a face jug in the collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum. |
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RHODES |
Harriet |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County, Shaws Creek Twp. (1869), pg. 227 (penned), Harriet Rhodes; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. |
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|
ROGERS |
Lee |
b. 1808 |
J.P. Bodie Pottery |
Working in Pottery |
1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Gray Twp., pg. 64 (penned); digital images, Year: 1870; Census Place: Gray Twp., Edgefield, South Carolina, born in Virginia. |
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SAMUEL |
John |
c. 1870 |
Unknown |
Works in Clay |
1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Hammond Twp., pg. 64 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 6, pg. 22 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020). |
|
SCOTT |
Dave |
1867 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Labor Contracts L-Y (1867), image 548/600; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
SIMKINS |
Henry |
c. 1850 |
Stony Bluff Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, Lewis J. Miles purchased a boy, “Henry”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Hammond Twp., pg. 45 (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 1 Jan 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. Bragg, Laura M. ”Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. Informant told Ms. Bragg during an interview that Henry helped Dave “turn” the potter’s wheel. See UNKNOWN, Henry. |
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|
SPANN |
General |
1868 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Labor Contracts A-Y (1868), image 346/359; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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THURMAN |
Jack |
b. 1833* |
Seigler Pottery |
Turning Jugs |
South Carolina Secretary of State, Abstract of Voter Registrations Reported to the Military Government, 1868, Edgefield County, Seventh Regiment, Pine House Precinct, pg. 102 (penned); digital images, South Carolina Digital Library (scmemory.org; accessed 3 June 2020). 1880 US Census, South Carolina, Aiken, Shaws Twp, pg. 16 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T9. 1900 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 26, sheet 18A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 15 Feb 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T623. Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), Jack Thornwell [sic]. Bragg, Laura M. ”Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. See also UNKNOWN, Jack. |
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THURMAN |
Archie |
b. 1860 |
Seigler Pottery |
Works in factory |
1880 US Census, South Carolina, Aiken, Shaws Twp, pg. 16 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020). 1900 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 33, pg. 1A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 15 Feb 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T623. 1910 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 19, pg. 4A (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 15 Feb 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T624. 1920 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 21, pg. 1B (penned); digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 15 Feb 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication T625. Aiken County, South Carolina, death certificate no. 1727 (1937), Archie Thurman; South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC), Columbia; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 15 Feb 2020). Social Security Administration, “U.S. Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007,” database; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 15 Feb 2020). Entry for Louise America Thurmond listed Archie Thurmond and Annie Harris as parents; entry for Willie Thurmond listed Archie Thurmond and Louise Gomillion as parents. Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), multiple. Bragg, Laura M. ”Laura M. Bragg Papers,” transcripts, Charleston Museum, Charleston, SC. |
|
THURMAN |
Kitty |
See THURMAN, Jack. |
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TILLMAN |
Samuel |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020)citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
TILLMAN |
Mike |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
TILLMAN |
Joe |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
TILLMAN |
Cicero |
1866 |
United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 41: Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 913/1210; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
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|
UKNOWN |
Scott |
1843 |
Edgefield Advertiser, 22 February 1843, page 3. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Daniel |
1818 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 35, page 93, John Trapp from Jesse McClendon, Edgefield County Archives. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Tom (Old) |
1818 |
Pottersville |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 46, page 78, Edgefield County Archives. Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), pg. 74. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Tart |
1830 |
Pottersville |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 46, page 78, Edgefield County Archives. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Buster |
1835 |
Drake & Gibbs Pottery |
Named on an indenture to Amos Landrum See UNKNOWN, Brister. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Judy |
1840 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book BBB, pg. 10, part of dowry received by Collin Rhodes from Amos Landrum, Edgefield County Archives. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
May |
1840 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book BBB, pg. 10, part of dowry received by Collin Rhodes from Amos Landrum, Edgefield County Archives. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Sampson (boy) |
1840 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book BBB, pg. 10, part of dowry received by Collin Rhodes from Amos Landrum, Edgefield County Archives. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Allen |
1841 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Books of Sheriff’s Sale Abstracts, 1840–53, and 1844–1853; John Presley to James Bean, 6 Dec 1841; Edgefield County Archives. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Lee |
1841 |
John Horn, possibly related to Presley Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Abstract of Judgments, Spring Term 1841, Roll 262, Jordan Holloway and John Lake versus Esau Brooks, Jr., John Presley and John Trapp. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Lee (Black Lee) |
1841 |
John Presley Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Abstract of Judgments, Spring Term 1841, Roll 262, Jordan Holloway and John Lake versus Esau Brooks, Jr., John Presley and John Trapp. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Books of Sheriff’s Sale Abstracts, 1840–53, and 1844–1853; June 1841 & Aug 1841; Edgefield County Archives. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Lee (Yellow Lee) |
1841 |
John Presley Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Abstract of Judgments, Spring Term 1841, Roll 262, Jordan Holloway and John Lake versus Esau Brooks, Jr., John Presley and John Trapp. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Books of Sheriff’s Sale Abstracts, 1840–53, and 1844–1853; June 1841 & Aug 1841; Edgefield County Archives. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Daniel |
1842 |
Pottersville |
Turner |
Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), pg. 220. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 46, page 78, Edgefield County Archives. |
|
UNKNOWN |
Edmond |
1843 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of James. A. Turner, box 51, pkg 2155, James A. Turner inherited Edmond from his father; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. |
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UNKNOWN |
Ben |
1845 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of Jacob Miller (1845), box 53, pkg. 2224, John Trapp purchased “Ben” from the estate; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County Archives probate records. |
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UNKNOWN |
Caroline |
1847 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, Lewis J. Miles purchased “Caroline”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County Archives probate records. See JONES, Caroline. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Henry |
1847 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, Lewis J. Miles purchased “Henry”; ; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. See SIMKINS, Henry. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Isabel |
1847 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, Collin Rhodes purchased “Isabel”; ; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Jack (boy) |
1847 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, Lewis J. Miles purchased “Jack”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. See THURMAN, Jack. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Jiny/Jane |
1847 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, Collin Rhodes purchased “Jiny”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Mulvania |
1847 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book EEE, pg. 156, purchased by Benjamin F. Landrum and Lewis J. Miles from George W. Jones, Edgefield County Archives. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Phil |
1847 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, Lewis J. Miles purchased “Phil”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County Archives probate records. See MILES, Philip. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Sally |
1847 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, B.F. Landrum purchased “Sally”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Samuel |
1847 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, B.F. Landrum purchased “Sam”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County Archives probate records. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Simon (boy) |
1847 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, Collin Rhodes purchased “Simon”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Miscellaneous, Benjamin Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Miscellaneous records, 1865-1868; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. See KINARD, Simon |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Watt |
1847 |
John Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book EEE, pg. 156, purchased by Benjamin F. Landrum and Lewis J. Miles from George W. Jones (one of two children purchased with a woman named Eliza); Edgefield County Archives. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Ann |
1848 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Coroner’s Inquisition, Ann (1848), pgs. 97-99; digital images available at CSI: Dixie (online: https://www.csidixie.org [accessed 1 Jan 2020]), citing Coroner’s Inquisition Books, 1844-1902, series L19077, SCDAH, Columbia, South Carolina. United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Freedmen. Freedmen’s Bureau. Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Washington; Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District) Miscellaneous, Benjamin Landrum; “South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872,” digital images, roll 43: Miscellaneous records, 1865-1868; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 30 May 2020) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Elias |
1853 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of Nathan L. Griffin (1855), box 67, pkg 2744, purchased by W.D. Rountree; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County Archives. |
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|
UNKNOWN |
Will |
1854 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of James Yeldell (1854), box 73, pkg 2830, purchased by W.D. Roundtree; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Adilla |
1856 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book III, pg. 341, purchased by T.J. Davies from Elizabeth Clark, Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Amy |
1856 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book III, pg. 341, purchased by T.J. Davies from Elizabeth Clark, Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Harriet |
1856 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book III, pg. 341, purchased by T.J. Davies from Elizabeth Clark, Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Henry |
1856 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book III, pg. 341, purchased by T.J. Davies from Elizabeth Clark, Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Jesse |
1856 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book III, pg. 341, purchased by T.J. Davies from Elizabeth Clark, Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Moses |
1856 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book III, pg. 341, purchased by T.J. Davies from Elizabeth Clark, Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Vincent |
1856 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book III, pg. 341, purchased by T.J. Davies from Elizabeth Clark, Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Willis |
1856 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book III, pg. 341, purchased by T.J. Davies from Elizabeth Clark, Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Marshall or Matt |
1858 |
Seigler Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of William Brogden (1858), box 77, pkg 3117, John W. Seigler purchased Brogden’s share”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County Archives probate records. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Baddler |
1859 |
Pottersville |
Baldwin, Cinda. Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens, Georgia: UGA Press, 1993), multiple. Two storage jars incised “Dave & Baddler” and dated 13 May 1859 reside in the collection of the Charleston Museum. Goldberg, Arthur F., and James Witkowski. “Beneath His Magic Touch: The Dated Vessels of the African American Slave Potter Dave” in Ceramics in America, 2006, edited by Robert Hunter (Milwaukee, WI: Chipstone, 2006), 58–92. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Mark |
1859 |
Stony Bluff Pottery |
Storage jar, Lewis Miles pottery, 1859. Alkaline-glazed stoneware. H. 15″. Incised in script: “Mark and/ –Dave–” and two slash marks; on opposite side: “Lm. March 10·1859.” Museum of American History, Division of Ceramics and Glass, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. See JONES, Mark. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Abram |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Adeline |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Aleck |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Allen |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Mrs. Allen and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Bob |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Reuben O. Starke and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Caroline |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Charles |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Charley |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Dan (Old) |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Dennis |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Reuben O. Starke and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Dick |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
DThomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by W. Spears and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
George |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Henry |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Heyward |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Ike |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Jane |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Jesse |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Mrs. B. Lamar and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Jim |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Reuben O. Starke and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Josiah |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
King |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Lee |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Nancy |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Reuben |
1862 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Equity Sales 1860-1867, pg. 21, purchased by T.J. Davies from B.M. Lamar; Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Robert |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Reuben O. Starke and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Romeo |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Reuben O. Starke and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Sam |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Sarah |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Sidney |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Silas |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Reuben O. Starke and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Thomas |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Reuben O. Starke and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Tom |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Mrs. Eleazy and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Vina |
1862 |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Equity Sales 1860-1867, pg. 21, purchased by T.J. Davies from B.M. Lamar; Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Vincent |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Mrs. B. Clark and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Welles |
1862 |
Davies Fire Brick Works |
Thomas Jones Davies Papers, 1784–1907, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Enslaved by Mrs. W.E. Clark and leased to Thomas J. Davies. Enslaved families data, Thomas Jones Davies Bible Records, 1830–1865, Special Collections, South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/thomas-jones-davies-bible-records-1830-1865/ (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Adam |
1866 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Miscellaneous Records, 1865–1868, Benjamin Landrum; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Ambris |
1866 |
James H. Burnett Pottery |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 41, Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 138/1210, Employment Contract, James H. Burnett, Anthony, Jesse & Ambris, 1 JAN 1866; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Anthony |
1866 |
James H. Burnett Pottery |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 41, Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 138/1210, Employment Contract, James H. Burnett, Anthony, Jesse & Ambris, 1 JAN 1866; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Jesse |
1866 |
James H. Burnett Pottery |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 41, Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 138/1210, Employment Contract, James H. Burnett, Anthony, Jesse & Ambris, 1 JAN 1866; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Kitty |
1866 |
BF Landrum Pottery |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Miscellaneous Records, 1865–1868, Benjamin Landrum; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Selia |
1866 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Miscellaneous Records, 1865–1868, Benjamin Landrum; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Wash |
1866 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Miscellaneous Records, 1865–1868, Benjamin Landrum; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Dave |
1866 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 42, Labor Contracts S-Y (1866), image 266/440, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. See SCOTT, Dave |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Paul |
1866 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 42, Labor Contracts S-Y (1866), image 266/440, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. See WEVER, Paul |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Ellis |
1866 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 42, Labor Contracts S-Y (1866), image 266/440, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Mary |
1866 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 42, Labor Contracts S-Y (1866), image 266/440, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. See BODIE, Mary |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Henrietta |
1866 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 42, Labor Contracts S-Y (1866), image 266/440, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. See WEVER, Henrietta |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Eliza |
1866 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 42, Labor Contracts S-Y (1866), image 266/440, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. See GRIFFIN, Eliza |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Milledge |
1866 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 42, Labor Contracts S-Y (1866), image 266/440, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Cindy |
1866 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 42, Labor Contracts S-Y (1866), image 266/440, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Harry (Old & Young) |
1839 |
Ramey & Hughes Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 46, page 78, Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Pottersville Account Book (ca. 1840), entry for a man, Harry, leased for daily work, author’s personal collection, Columbia, SC. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Abstract of Judgments, Spring Term 1840, Roll 214; Jasper Gibbs versus Nathaniel Ramey, Collin Rhodes and R.W. Mathis. Note: Storage jar incised “Harry” in private collection. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
George |
1842 |
Pottersville |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 46, page 78, Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, Collin Rhodes purchased “George”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Sam |
1848 |
Trapp & Chandler Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book EEE, pg. 506, purchased by John Trapp from W.A. Miller; Edgefield County Archives. South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Miscellaneous Records, 1865–1868, Benjamin Landrum; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Jim |
1862 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of Amos Landrum (1860), box 83, pkg 3336, Lewis J. Miles from the estate of Amos Landrum; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County probate court. Edgefield Advertiser, 12 November 1862, page 3. South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Miscellaneous Records, 1865–1868, Benjamin Landrum; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Abram |
b. 1784-1790* c. 1832 – 1847 |
Pottersville |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 12, pg. 449, purchased by John Landrum from Samuel Landrum; a boy, Abram, about 11 years old, Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 46, page 78, Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Pottersville Account Book (1839), multiple entries for a man, Abram, leased for daily work, author’s personal collection, Columbia, South Carolina. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Will Book C, pgs. 380 – 382, will of Martha Robeson written 4 July 1832 and witnessed by J. Gibbs, T. Gibbs & C. Rhodes; and recorded on 16 Dec 1833 with Reuben Drake as executor, Martha bequeaths a man named “Abram” to her son, Reuben Drake; Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of Martha Robeson (1833), box 25, pkg. 917, John Trapp purchased “Ben” from the estate; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County Archives probate records. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book CCC, pg. 72, in 1842, J.D. Nance releases 1/3 his share related to the pottery; Edgefield County Archives. Note: An incised sherd “Dave & Abram” with an “L.MILES” stamp was recovered at the Stony Bluff pottery site by private dig in the mid-1990s. Private collection. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Brister |
b. 1790* |
Pottersville |
Turner |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 47, pg. 94, listed as turner in deed of sale. Sold to Jasper Gibbs & Rueben Drake by Amos Landrum in 1835 with wife and children, Edgefield County Archives. |
|
UNKNOWN |
Rose |
b. 1800* |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 47, pg. 94, sold to Jasper Gibbs & Rueben Drake by Amos Landrum in 1835 with husband, Brister, and children; Edgefield County Archives. See UNKNOWN, Brister. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Dave |
b. 1801* |
Pottersville |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 47, page 237, mortgage Harvey Drake to Eldred Simkins, 26 Oct 1818, Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 47, page 237, mortgage Amos Landrum to Harvey Drake (payable to Abner Landrum), 26 Oct 1818, Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of Harvey Drake (1833), box 9, pkg 302, Drake & Gibbs purchased “Dave”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County Archives probate records. Edgefield County, South Carolina, probate case files, estate of John Landrum (1847), box 56, pkg 2312, B.F. Landrum purchased “Dave”; digital images available with subscription at www.ancestry.com (accessed 5 Feb 2020) citing Edgefield County Archives probate records. South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 41, Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 138/1210, Employment Contract, James H. Burnett, Anthony, Jesse & Ambris, 1 JAN 1866; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Miscellaneous Records, 1865–1868, Benjamin Landrum; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Simon |
b. 1802* |
Thomas Chandler Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Books of Sheriff’s Sale Abstracts, 1840–53, and 1844–1853; Thomas Watson, Admin. vs. Penn & Brannon on 3 Jan 1848; Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book GGG, p. 383, Edgefield County Archives; citing Edgefield County Archives. Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, probate case files, Thomas M. Chandler, 1854; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing “North Carolina Estate Files, 1663-1979,” database with images; citing FHL microfilm 1,987,710. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Easter |
b. 1806* |
Trapp & Chandler Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Books of Sheriff’s Sale Abstracts, 1840–53, and 1844–1853; Thomas Watson, Admin. vs. Penn & Brannon on 3 Jan 1848; Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book GGG, p. 383, Edgefield County Archives; citing Edgefield County Archives. Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, probate case files, Thomas M. Chandler, 1854; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing “North Carolina Estate Files, 1663-1979,” database with images; citing FHL microfilm 1,987,710. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Eliza |
b. 1815* |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 47, page 237, mortgage Harvey Drake to Eldred Simkins, 26 Oct 1818, Edgefield County Archives. Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book EEE, pg. 156, purchased by Benjamin F. Landrum and Lewis J. Miles from George W. Jones; Edgefield County Archives. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Scilly |
b. 1826* |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 47, pg. 94, sold to Jasper Gibbs & Rueben Drake by Amos Landrum in 1835 with husband, Brister, and children. See UNKNOWN, Brister. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
John |
b. 1830-1834 |
Thos. Chandler Pottery |
See CHANDLER, John |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Hannah |
b. 1830* |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 47, pg. 94, sold to Jasper Gibbs & Rueben Drake by Amos Landrum in 1835 with husband, Brister, and children; Edgefield County Archives. See UNKNOWN, Brister. |
||
|
UNKNOWN |
Ned |
b. 1834* |
Trapp & Chandler Pottery |
Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book GGG, p. 383, Edgefield County Archives; citing Edgefield County Archives. |
|
|
UNKNOWN |
Dock |
Purchased by A.J. Rountree between 1800-1860 |
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|
WATSON |
Harkness |
1866 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 41, Labor Contracts A-R (1866), image 941/1210, Employment Contract, B.F. Landrum; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
WEVER |
Henrietta |
1867 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Labor Contracts L-Y (1867), image 548/600, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles] and Eliza Griffin, Silvy Miles, Henrietta Wever, Dave Scott, Burrell Livingston, Thomas Bodie, Mary Bodie, Martha Mays, 14 June 1867; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
WEVER |
Paul |
1868 |
South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Labor Contracts A-Y (1868), image 346/359, Employment Contract, L.B. Wever [SIL of Lewis J. Miles]; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M1910. |
||
|
WILLIAMS |
Lizzie |
b. 1856 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Works in Jug Factory |
1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 16 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
WILLIAMS |
M. |
b. 1835 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Stoneware Turner |
1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 16 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. See also WILLIAMS, Milledge. |
|
WILLIAMS |
Milledge |
b. 1835-1840 |
B.F. Landrum Pottery |
Works in Jug Factory |
South Carolina, state and territorial censuses, 1829-1920, Edgefield County (1869), pg. 31 (penned), Milledge Williams; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing SCDAH, Columbia, SC. 1870 US census, Edgefield County, South Carolina, Shaws Creek Twp., pg. 16 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021) citing NARA microfilm publication M593. 1880 US census, Aiken County, South Carolina, ED 17, pg. 16 (penned); digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021); daughter Allice later m. Squire Pope (b. 1864). South Carolina Secretary of State, Abstract of Voter Registrations Reported to the Military Government, 1868, Edgefield County, Seventh Regiment, Hatcher’s Pond Precinct, pg. 102 (penned); digital images, South Carolina Digital Library (scmemory.org; accessed 3 June 2020). Aiken County, South Carolina, death certificate nos. 18170 & 18152 (1922), Allice Pope; South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC), Columbia; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021). |
|
WILLIAMS |
Allice |
Aiken County, South Carolina, death certificate nos. 18170 & 18152 (1922), Allice Pope; South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC), Columbia; digital images available on www.familysearch.org (accessed 20 January 2021). |
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|
*Year of birth calculated based on approximate age given within body of document(s). |
**Location(s) based on proximity to working stoneware factories during the time period. |
APPENDIX B: Pottersville Stoneware Manufactory Shareholder(s) Timeline
|
Name: |
Partners: |
Date: |
|
Pottersville Stoneware Manufactory |
Abner Landrum Amos Landrum |
1815 – 1828 |
|
H&R Drake Factory |
Harvey Drake Reuben Drake |
1828 – 1832 |
|
Drake & Rhodes Factory |
Reuben Drake Collin Rhodes |
1832 – 1836 |
|
Drake, Rhodes & Company |
Reuben Drake Nathaniel Ramey Collin Rhodes |
1836 (Jan. – Sept.) |
|
Ramey, Rhodes & Company |
Robert W. Mathis Nathaniel Ramey Collin Rhodes |
1836 – 1838 |
|
Rhodes, Ramey & Gibbs |
James W. Gibbs Jasper Gibbs Nathaniel Ramey Collin Rhodes |
1838 – 1839 |
|
N. Ramey & Company |
James W. Gibbs Jasper Gibbs John H. Hughes Nathaniel Ramey |
1839 – 1840 |
|
J.W. Gibbs & Company |
James W. Gibbs Jasper Gibbs |
1840 (Jan. – Oct.) |
|
J. Gibbs & Company |
James W. Gibbs Jasper Gibbs Sandford S. Gibbs John D. Nance |
1840 – 1842 |
|
J. Gibbs & Company |
James W. Gibbs Jasper Gibbs Sandford S. Gibbs John H. Hughes John D. Nance Unknown |
1842 – 1843 |
|
Pottersville |
Francis W. Pickens |
1843 – after 1850 |
[1] 1880 United States Census, Aiken Co., SC, p. 14 [penned], Fortune Jelters (Justice) in household with Wash Miles and Brister Jones; Aiken County, South Carolina, Death Certificates, No. 87, File 14344, Frank Justice (1920), No. C11346, Silvester Justice (1962); and No. C01343, Ethel Permenter (1965) (note multiple burials at Ashley Grove Baptist Church, Aiken, SC); and George J. Castille, Cinda K. Baldwin, Carl R. Steen, Steve Smith, and Stanley South, “An Archaeological Survey of Alkaline Glazed Stoneware Production Sites in the Old Edgefield District, South Carolina,” 1988, report prepared for the McKissick Museum and the Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
[2] Aiken County, South Carolina, Probate Files, Papers and Loose Records, Box 52, Package 6, Benjamin F. Landrum Sr.; Register of Mense Conveyances, Aiken; available online: https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:939L-N33W-T9?i=44&wc=MPPR-W3D%3A190561001%2C190561002%2C190651301%2C190682601&cc=1911928 (accessed 20 January 2021).
[3] Aiken County, South Carolina, Application for a Delayed Certificate of Brth, No. 23-648 (1942), Martin Luther Justice, Department of Archives and History, Columbia, SC.
[4] Carl Steen, President of the Diachronic Research Foundation in Columbia, SC, has been studying Edgefield District pottery sites for decades. I immensely appreciate his patience and guidance through this material, and for piqueing my interest in Justice’s work. While my time researching the Edgefield District potters and their families has been comparatively small, I treasure the conversations, relationships, and friendships built through genealogy with Miles, Pope, Jones, Justice, and Whittaker descendants.
[5] Arthur F. Goldberg and James Witkowski. “Beneath His Magic Touch: The Dated Vessels of the African American Slave Potter Dave” in Ceramics in America, 2006, edited by Robert Hunter (Milwaukee, WI: Chipstone, 2006), 58–92 and Leonard Todd, Carolina Clay: The Life and Legend of the Slave Potter Dave (New York: W. W. Norton, 2009).
[6] Carl Steen and Corbett E. Toussaint, “Who Were the Potters in the Old Edgefield District?” Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage, Vol. 6, No. 2 (2017): 78–109. The first version of this appendix was published in the cited article and has undergone significant evolution as primary documents became available digitally and genetic genealogy solved decades-old parentage questions.
[7] Carl Steen, Archaeology at the Reverend John Landrum Site : 38AK497 : 1987–2014 : A Preliminary Report : Gopher Branch Heritage Preserve, John Landrum Pottery (Columbia, SC : Diachronic Research Foundation, 2016).
[8] Robert Mills, Statistics of South Carolina, including a view of its natural, civil, and military history, general and particular (Charleston, SC: Hulburt and Boylston, 1826).
[9] 1830 United States Census, Edgefield Co., SC, p. 175 (penned), Harvey Drake and his brother Reuben Drake one household away from Abner Landrum, with fifty enslaved individuals enumerated at the Pottersville site.
[10] Cinda Baldwin, Great and Noble Jar: Traditional Stoneware of South Carolina (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1993).
[11] Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 47, p. 237, mortgage Harvey Drake to Eldred Simkins, 26 October 1818, Edgefield County Archives, Edgefield, SC.
[12] 1870 United States Census, Shaws Creek Twp., Edgefield Co., SC and Todd, Carolina Clay, 60.
[13] Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 47, p. 237, mortgage Amos Landrum to Harvey Drake (payable to Abner Landrum), 26 October 1818, Edgefield County Archives, Edgefield, SC and Todd, Carolina Clay, 60.
[14] Edgefield County, Probate Records, Box 9, package 304, Harvey Drake (1832), citing South Carolina, U.S. Wills and Probate Records (digital images available with subscription via www.ancestry.com); Baldwin, Great and Noble Jar, multiple; and Brook Kenline, “Capitalist Entrepreneurs and Industrial Slavery in the Rural Antebellum South,” master’s thesis (University of South Carolina, 2012).
[15] Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book 46, p. 78, Drakes business agreement (1830), Edgefield County Archives, Edgefield, SC.
[16] Edgefield County, South Carolina, Probate Case Files, Box 9, Pkg 302, estate of Harvey Drake (1833), Drake & Gibbs purchased “Dave,” Edgefield County Archives, Edgefield, SC.
[17] Pottersville Account Book, ca. 1840, author’s personal collection.
[18] Edgefield County, South Carolina, Abstract of Judgments, Spring Term 1840, Roll 214; Jasper Gibbs v. Nathaniel Ramey, Collin Rhodes and R.W. Mathis, Edgefield County Archives, Edgefield, SC. At the time of publication, a four-gallon storage jar extremely similar to the one illustrated in Fig. 12 and inscribed “Harry” has been consigned with Crocker Farm, Inc., Sparks, MD (26 February 2021).
[19] Edgefield County, South Carolina, Deed Book GGG, p. 113 (1853), Edgefield County Archives, Edgefield, SC, and 1840 United States Census, Edgefield Co, SC, Thos. M. Chandler and Isaac Durham with a household of the Rhodes & Matthews [sic] pottery.
[20] Steen, Archaeology at the Reverend John Landrum Site.
[21] Edgefield County, South Carolina, Probate Case Files, estate of John Landrum (1847), Box 56, Pkg 2312, purchase of Dave, Phil, and George, Edgefield County Archives, Edgefield, SC.
[22] 1840 United States Census, Edgefield Co., SC, entries for John Landrum, Benjamin F. Landrum, and Lewis J. Miles noting the number of individuals engaged in manufacturing.
[23] Edgefield County, South Carolina, Probate Case Files, Box 56, Pkg 2312, estate of John Landrum (1847), purchase of Dave, Phil, and George, Edgefield County Archives, Edgefield, SC.
[24] National Museum of American History, Acc. 1996.0344, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
[25] 1870 United States Census, Edgefield Co., SC, Shaws Creek Twp., p. 19 (penned).
[26] Sherd resides in the collection of the author.
[27] Leonard, Carolina Clay, 171.
[28] South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Miscellaneous Records, 1865–1868, Benjamin Landrum, online: https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99ZG-B3K4?wc=MFHK-4Z9%3A1017929201%2C1017975201&cc=2127881 (accessed 20 January 2021).
[29] 1870 United States Census and 1880 United States Census, Edgefield Co. and Aiken Co., South Carolina, noting the proximity of potters Millage Williams and Simon Kinard to Benjamin F. Landrum.
[30] Edgefield County, South Carolina, Probate Case Files, Box 56, Pkg 2312, estate of John Landrum (1847), purchase of Dave, Phil, and George, Edgefield County Archives, Edgefield, SC.
[31] Works Progress Administration, Survey of State and Local Historical Records: 1936, Church Records Form, Springfield Church, Eureka, SC; University of South Carolina Libraries Digital Collections, Columbia, SC; available online: https://digital.tcl.sc.edu/digital/collection/hrs/id/7321/rec/1 (accessed 20 January 2021).
[32] Aiken County, South Carolina, Deed Book 30, p. 176; Deed Book 32, p. 55; and Deed Book 146, p. 229; Aiken County Archives, Aiken, SC.
[33] See Baldwin, Great and Noble Jar, 184 and John A. Burrison, Roots of a Region: Southern Folk Culture (Jackson: University of Mississippi, 2007), 60.
[34] For an analysis of the complex history and usage of the Edgefield face vessel form, along with an exploration of the inscription of the Chipstone face jug illustrated in Fig. 26, see Claudia Arzeno Mooney, April L. Hynes, and Mark M. Newell, “African-American Face Vessels: History and Ritual in 19th-Century Edgefield,” in Ceramics in America, 2013, edited by Robert Hunter (Milwaukee, WI: Chipstone, 2013), 2–37; available online: http://www.chipstone.org/article.php/537/Ceramics-in-America-2013/African-American-Face-Vessels:-History-and-Ritual-in-19th-Century-Edgefield (accessed 24 February 2021).
[35] 1880 United States Census, Shaws Twp., Aiken Co., SC, p. 248 (stamped), household no. 13, dwelling no. 13, Wade Pope as head of household with wife Mary, and children including Squire (son); 1900 United States Census, Aiken Twp., Aiken Co., SC, p. 16A (stamped); 1910 United States Census, Aiken Twp., Aiken Co., SC, p. 7A; 1920 United States Census, Shaws Twp., Aiken Co., SC, p. 14A; 1930 United States Census, Gregg Twp., Aiken Co., SC, p. 9A; and 1940 United States Census, Warrenville-Graniteville, Aiken Co., SC, p. 8A.
[36] Ibid; Allice Pope enumerated in the 1900, 1910, and 1920 United States Censuses as the wife of Squire Pope. See also Aiken County, South Carolina, Certificate of Death, File No. 18152, 12 December 1922, Aiken Co., Department of Archives and History, Columbia, SC; Allice Pope (decedent), Millage Williams (father), Allie Brown (mother), Squire Pope (informant), burial at Springfield Church graveyard; available online: https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:N989-74M (accessed 4 March 2021).
[37] 1880 United States Census, Shaws Twp., Aiken Co., SC, pp. 253 & 254 (stamped), household no. 4, dwelling no. 4, Squire Pope, Laura (wife), and Steven (brother); and dwellings no. 11–14. Although Squire and Laura Pope disappear from the documentary record after 1880, many other descendants for Queen Pope and Mary Jennings are found buried in the Springfield Church graveyard (Aiken County, South Carolina, Certificate of Death, File Nos. 19155, 09875, and 4335). See also Springfield Church Cemetery grave memorials for Alberta Pope, Alexander Pope Sr., Charlie Pope, Lamont Pope, and Theodore S. Pope Sr. (available online: https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/2464093/springfield-baptist-church-cemetery? [accessed 20 January 2021]). Many graves at this location are unmarked, or markers have been destroyed. Also note that while not shown in proof standard, genealogy suggests that Wade Pope, Queen Pope, Mary Jennings, and Sylvia Jennings may have been the marriage of siblings sets resulting in double cousinship.
[38] South Carolina, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865–1872, Aiken, South Carolina (sub-assistant commissioner – Edgefield District), Roll 43, Miscellaneous Records, 1865–1868, Benjamin Landrum, online: https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99ZG-B3K4?wc=MFHK-4Z9%3A1017929201%2C1017975201&cc=2127881 (accessed 20 January 2021).
[39] 1880 United States Census, Non-Population Schedule 3, Manufactures, Shaws Twp., Aiken Co., SC, p. 1; Wash Miles enumerated as operating a stoneware manufactory on Shaws Creek, along with white pottery owners Ben Landrum and John Miles. Miles noted up to six employees (three male, three female), paid $400 in wages, and manufactured twelve months the previous year at three-quarter time.
[40] Ibid.
[41] 1870 United States Census, Shaws Twp., Edgefield Co., SC, p. 19 (penned) and 1880 United States Census, Shaws Twp., Aiken Co., SC, p. 14 (penned); living with Washington Miles and Fortune [Justice] Jelters on the Seigler Property in 1880.
[42] 1870 United States Census, Shaws Creek Twp., Edgefield Co., SC, p. 19 (penned); 1880 United States Census, Aiken Co., SC, p. 19 (penned), Brister Jones living in the household of Mark Jones; 1880 United States Census, Aiken Co., SC, p. 14 (penned), Briscoe [Brister] Jones living in the household of Wash Miles.
[43] Tennessee City Death Records, Nashville, Knoxville, Chattanooga, Memphis, 1848–1907, Brister Jones (Chattanooga, 1889), Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville, TN.
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